Hormone Part 2 | Medicinal Chemistry | Aqsa Murtaza

 

PHARMA BY AQSA MURTAZA (PharmD)

Aim to help Pharmacy Students. We cover a wide range of topics, from Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Drug Interactions to Medication Management and Disease State Management.






CORTISOL


PROPERTIES

  • Antiinflammatory hormone
  • White crystalline powder
  • Water insoluble and soluble in organic solvents
  • Rapidly absorbed from GIT
  • Can cross the placenta barrier
  • Synthesized in Zona fasciculate and Zona reticularis cells

INDICATION
  • Allergy
  • Immunosuppressants

ADR
  • Osteoporosis
SAR

  • Flouride ion in place of the hydroxyl group with methyl increases its activity.
  • Activity decreases if the hydroxyl group is replaced with chlorine or bromine group.
  • Unsaturation in ring A lead to an increase in the activity of the drug.
  • Substitution of the hydroxy group in ring B leads to a decrease in the activity of the drug.


Structure of Cortisol

GLUCAGON

  • Contain 29 amino acids
  • Synthesized in Pancrease
  • A large dose of it leads to the intestine relaxation
  • Have ionotropic effects on Heart
  • Releases Catecholamine and Insulin
  • Give in hypoglycemia as emergency treatment.
  • Glucagon is a natural hormone your body makes that works with other hormones and bodily functions to control glucose (sugar) levels in your blood.

INSULIN


  • Degraded in GI 
  • SC route of administration
  • Regulates carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism human body.
  • Use in the treatment of Insulin dependent diabetes melitus.
  • It enhances the diabetic patients life.

Insulin Structure

TESTOSTERONE


  • Male Hormone
  • White odorless powder
  • Water insoluble and solubilized in organic solvents.
  • Binds to sex hormone binding globulin and albumin.
  • IV or SC route of administration

ADR 
  • Sodium and Nitrogen retention

INDICATION 
  • Breast Cancer

INTERACTION
  • Antidiabetic drugs, Cyclosporins and Warfarin → Testosterone Toxicity

ALDOSTERONE
  • Causes Sodium and Water retention.
  • Regulates Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System.
  • Use in Hypertension.
  • Aldosterone (ALD) is a hormone that helps regulate your blood pressure by managing the levels of sodium (salt) and potassium in your blood and impacting blood volume. 




Renin-Angiotensin Aldosterone System




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