Pharmacokinetics And Route Of Drug Administration | Aqsa Murtaza

PHARMA BY AQSA MURTAZA (PharmD)

Aim to help Pharmacy Students. We cover a wide range of topics, from Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacology, and Drug Interactions to Medication Management and Disease State Management.

Basic Pharmacology

PHARMACOKINETICS AND 

ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION

Pharmacokinetics

The term "Pharmacokinetics means what the body does to the drug.

Pharmacodynamics

The term "Pharmacodynamics" means what the drug does to the body.

There are basically four pharmacokinetics properties that help to determine the:

• The onset of the drug action,
• The intensity of drug action, and
• Duration of drug action

These four properties of the drug are:

• Absorption:   In absorption, drugs enter the plasma.
• Distribution: In distribution, drugs distribute into the interstitial and intracellular fluids.
• Metabolism: The liver and other tissues biotransformed the drug through metabolism.
• Elimination: At last, the drug and its metabolites are eliminated from the body in urine, feces, bile, and sweat.    

Drug Administration routes

There are the following major routes for drug administration:

• Enteral,
• Parenteral,
• Topical, and many others follow image 1.

These routes of administration of drugs depend upon the following factors:

• Properties of the drug 
• Therapeutic objectives
• Local site action
• Long-term treatment needed

Enteral Route

• Through the gastrointestinal tract, it is called the enteral route of drug administration (route by mouth). 
• Convenient route.
• Self-administered.
• Economical method.

Parenteral route

• The drug enters directly into the systemic circulation.
• Bypass first-pass metabolism.
• Unconscious patients
• Rapid onset of action.
• Best for poorly absorbed drugs.